Flexible design method for bilayer cylindrical lens array light field 3D display

In this paper, we propose a flexible design method for a bilayer cylindrical lens array tailored to LCD-subpixel architectures. This approach allows for more flexible control over spatial resolution and viewpoint quantity in both horizontal and vertical directions for light field three-dimensional displays. The parameters of the designed cylindrical lenses are matched with the structure and dimensions of the LCD subpixels, while also considering the limitations on the viewpoint quantity under the conditions of the human eye's resolution limit. Moreover, a two-dimensional light field encoding algorithm is introduced to achieve precise subpixel encoding for bilayer cylindrical lens array. Numerical simulations and optical experiments demonstrate that the proposed design method for the bilayer cylindrical lens array can optimize the allocation of spatial resolution and viewpoint quantity. The proposed technique demonstrates practical viability across multiple immersive display domains, including autostereoscopic television systems, augmented-reality headsets, and volumetric telepresence platforms.